The Book of Nahum, one of the minor prophetic books in the Old Testament, is
traditionally attributed to the prophet Nahum. It is a relatively short book
with a vivid and forceful message focused on the impending destruction of the
Assyrian city of Nineveh. Nahum's prophetic ministry provides a unique
perspective on God's justice and judgment.
The historical context of Nahum is crucial to understanding the book's
content. Nahum's prophecies were delivered during the late 7th century BC,
likely between 663 and 612 BC. This period corresponds to the later stages of
the Assyrian Empire, which was known for its military aggression and cruelty.
The capital of Assyria was Nineveh, a powerful and imposing city.
Nahum's prophecies are directed specifically at Nineveh, which had
previously experienced a temporary reprieve from judgment during the time of
the prophet Jonah. However, by the time of Nahum, the city had returned to its
wicked ways, and its oppression of other nations was particularly brutal.
Nahum's message, therefore, announced the imminent destruction of Nineveh as an
expression of God's judgment on its atrocities.
Key themes in the Book of Nahum include:
God's Wrath and Justice: Nahum vividly describes God's righteous anger and His determination to bring
judgment on the city of Nineveh for its wickedness and violence.
The Inevitability of Judgment: The book emphasizes that no city or nation can escape God's judgment when they
persist in evil and injustice.
The Destruction of Nineveh:
Nahum provides graphic details of the impending destruction of Nineveh,
including the city's fall, its leaders' flight, and the city's desolation.
God as a Refuge for the Faithful: Amid the descriptions of judgment, Nahum portrays God as a refuge for those who
trust in Him, offering safety and protection to His people.
The structure of Nahum is organized around the impending judgment of
Nineveh. The book begins with a vivid depiction of God's wrath and the
impending doom of Nineveh. It then describes the fall of the city in great
detail, emphasizing the city's vulnerability and the certainty of its
destruction. The book concludes with a declaration of praise for God's justice
and faithfulness.
While Nahum's message may appear harsh, it underscores the biblical theme of
God's justice. The book serves as a reminder that God does not tolerate
unrepentant wickedness and oppression, even in the most powerful of nations.
Nahum's message also provides comfort to the oppressed and marginalized,
assuring them that God will ultimately bring justice and deliverance. The Book
of Nahum is a testament to God's sovereignty and His commitment to
righteousness in the world.
Nahum Outline
I. Introduction
(Nahum 1:1) A. Introduction of the Prophet Nahum II. Description of
God's Wrath and Vengeance (Nahum 1:2-8) A. Nahum describes God's character
and attributes B. God's anger, jealousy, and
vengeance against His enemies C. His control over nature and His
ability to protect His people III. The Destruction
of Nineveh Prophesied (Nahum 1:9 - 2:13) A. Nahum predicts the impending fall
of Nineveh, the capital of the Assyrian Empire B. God's judgment against the city
and its people C. The imagery of the city's walls
breached and its treasures plundered IV. The Capture and
Sack of Nineveh (Nahum 3:1-19) A. A vivid description of Nineveh's
wickedness and sinfulness B. God's judgment on the city's
leaders and inhabitants C. The humiliation and downfall of
Nineveh, with no one to comfort her V. Conclusion and
Celebration of Nineveh's Fall (Nahum 3:19) A. Nahum concludes with a declaration
of the city's complete destruction and desolation B. The chapter ends with the phrase,
"There is no easing your hurt; your wound is grievous."
